Flat-back wheels

Just a few quick questions for the history experts:

  • Flat-back wheels on new rolling stock became mandatory in what year?
  • When would the older ribbed-back wheels have been swapped out on older cars?
  • How late would/could ribbed-back wheels have operated on RRs?

Thanks for the help…

Tom

Quote from “Detailing Freight Cars,” Jeff Wilson, page 10:

“Through the steam era, many prototype wheels were made of cast iron. Called “chilled” wheels because of the heat treatment they received, their backs were often ribbed to aid in cooling during braking…iron wheels were prohibited on new cars after 1957 and banned from interchange in 1970.”

Chuck

Technically flat plate wheels are also banned.

What are you refering to as a flat plate wheel? The AAR states that STRAIGHT plate wheels are prohibited in interchange service. Curved plate wheels are the new standard.