Some history on Atlas HO turnouts

There have been multiple threads discussing turnouts recently, may of which have been about Atlas products in particular.

There are some facts about the Atlas turnout products that I feel deserve some clarification, and some explanation of their history.

The first IMORTANT point, the Code 83 Custom Line turnouts need to be discussed separately from the Code 100 Custom Line turnouts. The two lines were developed decades apart, and about the only thing they have completely in common is the track geometry.

I will talk first about the Code 83 line.

Introduced in 1996/97, but not fully available until about 2000, the Code 83 line ALWAYS had the following features:

  • Isolated metal frog that can be powered.
  • Solid rail points with a hinge system that does not use a rivet like the older Code 100 line.
  • Reversible throw bar
  • At least “very close” to NMRA frog/flangeway specs.
  • Brown ties with more scale size and small nearly scale rail “spikes”.

The Code 83 line did not include the #8 turnout or the curved turnouts when originally introduced. These items were added later.

The #8 turnouts, and the curved turnouts, have packaging that identifies them as “Mark IV”. But to this day, the rest of the Code 83 line has no “Mark” designation on the package or on the companies web site.


The design of the #4, #6, Wye, crossings, etc, in the Code 83 line has not changed since its inception. And despite the “Mark IV” designation, the curved turnouts and the #8’s have the same features and design as the other original Code 83 products.

So, in this regard, the Code 83 line has nothing to do with the early design weaknesses of the Code 100 line, or the various evolutionary steps of the Code 100 line.

The Code 83 line has been since its inception a modeler quality product at an affordable price with a very attractive set of features. It should be judged on its own merits, not on the growing pains of its older brother.

The original Code 100 Custom Line goes back pretty far, late 50’s? I will do some of that research for a follow up.

The Code 100 line has gone thru a series of improvements in that some 70 years, So yes we are up to “Mark V”.

And I am actually going to start my discussion of the the Code 100 line with that newest version.

Several years ago Atlas completely retooled the Code 100 line and brought into complete feature EQUALITY with the Code 83 line, but still with the defining black ties rather than brown.

So these new Code 100 turnouts are now equal to what Code 83 users have been enjoying for 25 years.

Yes, the prior versions of the Code 100 turnouts had some weak points. Originally they had plastic insulated frogs and stamped metal points. The frog dimensions were not NMRA compliant.

Then came the “Mark II” turnout. Metal frogs, “better” points but still with rivet hinges, frog dimensions still not great.

Then in the late 90’s “Mark III”, frogs and point better, still some issues.

About a decade ago, the “Mark IV” Code 100 turnout fixed the issues with the points.

But again, only the recent “Mark V” improvements bring the Code 100 line to a par with the Code 83 line which remains unchanged for over 25 years.

So understand if you are buying used track, or dealing with problems on an older layout, not all Atlas Code 100 turnouts are created equal…

But ALL Atlas Code 83 has been the same modeler grade product since its inception.

So some will ask the question - why did they not make the Code 100 line better sooner? Likely they thought Code 100 might die out. That has not happened.

Sheldon

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Sheldon, this is an outstanding summary, actually more than a summary, of the Atlas line of turnouts. I have bookmarked this post (thread) for future reference. Well done!

Rich

That was very interesting to read, thankyou Sheldon.

I know I have always been slightly mystified and baffled by the different versions of Turnouts, within the Atlas C83 range.

I have a few Atlas C83 Turnouts that I picked-up in the UK, on my Layout with unpowered, metal Frogs and they all work fine. I like Atlas Track because it it is Robust and the Ties do not faint at the sight of a Soldering Iron.

I always felt that Atlas dithered a bit, before introducing Curved Turnouts and I cannot understand why they have not produced a #5 version to compliment the #4 & #6.
Paul.

Paul, the Atlas #4, is really a #4-1/2, having a 12.5 degree frog angle. A true #4 has a much sharper 14.25 degree frog.

This sizing goes all the way back to the original versions of the Custom Line turnouts. So Atlas was actually very forward thinking making the turnout “more gentle” than others but still “compact”.

The Atlas #6 is a true #6 frog at 9.5 degrees but benefits from a 1/2" of extra lead length making it also more gentle than #6 turnouts from other brands.

Sheldon

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For those looking to fully understand the Atlas turnout product line, this info about the #6 Custom Line geometry may also be of interest.

This is a full scale accurately printed template from PECO for their code 83 #6.

Their own scale on the drawing clearly shows the 6" length from points to frog.

Laid over it and lined up frog to frog, clearly the 9.5 degree frog angle is the same, but the Atlas #6 custom line is a full inch longer from points to frog.

NMRA RP-12.31 for HO turnouts shows 6.511" as the recommended lead length.

So the PECO turnout is 1/2" shorter than the RP, and the Atlas is 1/2" longer than the RP.

This clearly results in a sharper closure rail radius and substitution radius on the PECO turnout.

The NMRA listed closure rail radius is 35.397", so the Atlas is larger than that, while the PECO is smaller.

Sheldon

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Were the Custom Line turnouts always Nickel Silver ?

No the original ones were brass. Most track in the 60’s was still brass.

Then in the Code 100 line they offered both brass and nickel silver for a long time before discontinuing brass.

I worked in several model train stores all thru the 70’s.

Sheldon

FWIW, the flangeways on the Code 100 CLs have also changed a bit over the years as well. I am “paving” part of an industrial yard on my layout using the Walthers street track insert kit and I had to modify both the CL turnout and a couple of the CL components to fit. The pieces have been painted to look like blacktop.

I think the brass was all code 100, right? Code 83 came well after the demise of brass track.

Yes, brass was all Code 100. Code 83 has always been offered only in nickel silver.

But brass Code 100 lasted up to the introduction of the Code 83 line, it was still listed in the 1997 Walthers Catalog - but not listed in the 1999 Walthers Catalog.

Sheldon

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So with as little research, I have been able to trace the Code 100 Custom Line turnouts back to at least 1956. And in a 1958 ad they were offered in both brass and nickel silver. Nickel silver was about 35% higher in price, a pretty significant difference.

Sheldon

Then there were the #8 and other sizes with code 100 brass rails held to fiber ties with staples.
Mark Vinski

Those were separate product, which came out before the designation “Custom Line”. They were offered into the early 60’s if I recall.

The term “Custom Line” always applied to turnouts with plastic ties.

Sheldon

I recall when I started out in HO scale back in 2004, the guys at my LHS told me to use Atlas Custom Line Code 100 flex track and turnouts. That worked fine until I bought a Walthers Cornerstone 130’ turntable with a Code 83 bridge track. I wound up buying some Walthers Shinohara Transition Track to connect Code 83 to Code 100. When I built my second layout, I sold all of the Code 100 flex track and turnouts and exclusively used Code 83 flex track and turnouts on the new layout.

Rich

Hi Sheldon, Atlas ‘Super-Track 83’ #505 LH & #506 RH are the ones that particularly caught my attention.
I like their appearance. They all work fine, even the ones that were, ‘used’.
Paul.

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The “Super Switch” is mechanically just like the Custom Line switch except the Super Switch has the extended diverging route and the more prototypical tie arrangement on the diverging side of the frog.

Honestly. I get it, but I’m not that fussy. And to some extent it depends on what kind of railroad you are modeling.

My layout is a double track mainline. I have lots of crossovers and yard leads. The Custom Line version makes crossovers and yard leads at 2" track centers with no cutting.

But again, Atlas gives you a choice without having to offer high priced premade crossovers, etc.

Sheldon

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Yes. The Atlas Custom Line #6 turnout has the best geometry of ANY #6 turnout in the market, including some of the newly issued turnouts from Walthers and Peco. Peco has the sprung points which many like and its compactness is great for tighter areas like switching districts, and Walthers has eliminated the hinge, but, IMO, rolling stock looks best as it glides through Atlas #6s than any other #6 turnout in the market because of its geometry and elongated radii. Especially noticeable with longer cars and engines, IMO.

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